Floriculture or flower farming
- It is a branch of horticulture in which cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants.
- It is the cultivation and trade of flowers.
- It comprises production of flower, its marketing and distribution.
- The government of India has identified it is as sunrise industry with 100% export oriented.
- As the flower demands are increasing day by day, it becomes important commercial trades in Agriculture.
- It is high growth industry.
Major States of Cultivation
- The major floriculture commercial centers with highest cultivation in the states such as Kerala (16.5%), Tamil Nadu (13.3%), Karnataka (11.4%), Madhya Pradesh (11.1%) and Uttar Pradesh (7%), with other states are Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Mizoram, Gujarat, Orissa, Jharkhand, Haryana, Assam and Chhattisgarh.
Types of Floriculture
Bedding Plants
- There are plants that have been grown for use in flower beds outside.
- It begins with sowing of seeds indoor during off season and transplanting the plant later in the season.
Potted plants
- There are the plants best suitable for indoor use as well as in small gardens.
- They are also called as flowering pots.
Dried plants
- These plants are dried using various techniques called preservatives.
Cut flower
- They are blossoming glowers that have been cut together with roots, branches and leaves for use in decorations i.e. Roses, Carnations, and Orchids, Chrysanthemums, Lilies, Gerbera and other fresh cut flowers.
Floriculture Plants
- The floriculture plants generally consists of pot plants, cut flowers, cut foliage, seeds bulbs, tubers, rooted cuttings and dried flowers or leaves.
- The important floricultural crops in the international cut flower trade are Chrysanthemum, Gargera, Gladiolus, Gypsophila, Rose, Carnation, Liatris, Nerine, Orchids, Archilea, Anthurium, Tulip, and Lilies.
- Floriculture crops like Gerberas, Carnation, etc. are grown in greenhouses. The open field crops are Marigold, Aster, Chrysanthemum, Roses, Gaillardia, Lily, Tuberose, etc.
India’s Export of Agro Food Floriculture Products
- The USA, Netherlands, Germany and UK and UAE are the major export market for India.
- The India has exported 23,597.17MT of floriculture products to the world for the worth of Rs. 771.41Crores / 103.47 USD Millions in 2021-22 to the U.S.A, Netherland, Germany, U.K. United Arab EMTs, and Canada.
|
Year |
Quantity ( MT ) |
Rs. ( Lakh ) |
|
2019 – 20 |
16,949 |
54,161 |
|
2020 – 21 |
15,695 |
57,598 |
|
2021 – 22 |
23,597 |
77,141 |
World Top 10 Exporting Countries 2021 – 22
|
Rank |
Country |
% Export |
|
1 |
Netherland |
43.96 |
|
2 |
Colombia |
7.13 |
|
3 |
Germany |
5.83 |
|
4 |
Ecuador |
4.16 |
|
5 |
Italy |
4.06 |
|
6 |
Kenya |
3.84 |
|
7 |
Belgium |
3.44 |
|
8 |
China |
2.55 |
|
9 |
Canada |
2.47 |
|
10 |
Spain |
2.37 |
|
29 |
India |
0.35 |
World Top 10 Exporting Countries 2021 – 22
|
Rank |
Country |
% Import |
|
1 |
Germany |
14.61 |
|
2 |
Netherland |
12.87 |
|
3 |
USA |
12.71 |
|
4 |
UK |
7.41 |
|
5 |
France |
6.01 |
|
6 |
Switzerland |
2.92 |
|
7 |
Japan |
2.75 |
|
8 |
Italy |
2.63 |
|
9 |
Russia |
2.61 |
|
10 |
Belgium |
2.40 |
|
62 |
India |
0.09 |
Horticulture – Floriculture
Horticulture : Horticulture is a branch of plant agriculture deals with garden crop, fruits, vegetable and ornamental plant. It is combination of world – Hortus means garden and Colere means to cultivate.
Floriculture : It is a branch of ornamental horticulture in which growing and marketing of flower. It is flower management.
Which country is famous for floriculture?
Netherland
What is another name of floriculture?
It is also known as flower farming.
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